fuscous

The root-stock is very short, but creeping: it bears a few dark-fuscous scales, and is covered with the remains of decayed stalks.

Head and neck fuscous brown margined with white, rest of underparts fuscous brown; back with greenish reflections.

Primaries fuscous-black, the outer ones margined with white and the inner ones white at the base.

Upper wing-coverts and secondaries fuscous-black (freshly molted feathers blacker) narrowly edged with olive-ocher.

Female in summer: Similar, but upperparts streaked all over with black, and the black wings largely replaced by fuscous.