exciton

/ik-sahy-ton, ek-si-ton/US // ɪkˈsaɪ tɒn, ˈɛk sɪˌtɒn //UK // (ˈɛksaɪˌtɒn) //

激子,激发子,兴奋子,激元

Definitions

n.名词 noun

1
Physics.
- : a localized, mobile excited state of a crystal, consisting of an electron and a hole bound together.

The photon bounces back and forth between the mirrors roughly a million times before it escapes, and as it bounces the photon blends with the exciton to form a polariton.
Many photons and excitons are caged and combined in this way, and these polaritons behave en masse like liquid light, which is frictionless and doesn’t scatter.
At low densities and high temperatures, excitons zip around very much like atoms in a gas.
By now we can make excitons in large quantities in certain semiconductors and other materials.
An exciton can even stick to a photon—a particle of light—and form something called a “polariton.”